Venezuela Threatened

 

Venezuela since 2002 has been the target of US interference. Now, tensions have risen with US naval forces being detected off the coast. What was deployed to Venezuela were Aegis guided-missile destroyers. Three warships were detected indicating possible military aggression directed at Venezuela. Prior to this provocation, the US government issued a bounty for President Nicolas Maduro. The Trump administration asserts this is an effort to stop drug cartels and that Venezuela contributes to the traffic of  illegal substances. President Donald Trump without evidence claimed President Nicolas Maduro was in control of drug trafficking throughout the region. The true motivation is to obtain Venezuela's vast oil reserves. The official statements from the White House, Department of Defense, and Justice Department was the warships were part of an operation to stop the transport of narcotics. Fighting gangs and drug cartels are a cover to either intervene or possibly occupy Latin American countries. Designating gangs and drug cartels as terrorist organizations provides the justification. The United States of America continues to undermine South America's sovereignty and attack leftist governments. If Venezuela is invaded, it could induce a massive refugee crisis. Colombia, Brazil, and Guyana would be effected. The War on Drugs has become a curtain for an invasion of the entire South American continent. Peru, Ecuador, and Colombia do have challenges related to drug cartel crime. There is no evidence cartels are being directed by Venezuela. President Nicolas Maduro announced that he seeks to mobilize 4.5 milita members to defend the country if military action is taken by the United States.    

President Hugo Chavez Embracing Africa and South America (2006)

 

President Hugo Chavez embraced Africa and its link to South America. Venezuela in the late 1990s began to enhance diplomatic relations with African nations. To an extent both Africa and Latin America share a common struggle. European colonization harmed the people of both continents. Spain was the major power that dominated Latin America. The wave of independence in the 1820s was undermined by the United States and the policy of the Monroe Doctrine. During this interview President Hugo Chavez voices his concerns for Mozambique. The scourge of AIDS and poverty in Africa was a concern for the Venezuelan president. Domestically, Hugo Chavez formed food programs to combat hunger in Venezuela. Chavez stated that "racism is characteristic of imperialism." Capitalism also acts as a binding network for these systems of domination. Hugo Chavez was not only calling for a socialist revolution, but a revolution of ethics. The world should not except that children die from lack of healthcare and destitute conditions. This cannot be the task of one leader Chavez expressed. The public must participate in a revolution. The notion of "taking back the flag of socialism" refers to stopping the cooption by social democrats and  political centrist liberals. These two factions are seeking reform, rather than fundamental change. The reason Hugo Chavez was demonized is that he wanted to challenge US domination in South America. The hatred was also from the US, which attempted to depose Hugo Chavez in 2002. Both Africa and South America cane benefit one another.  

Evo Morales Faces Legal Challenges

 

Evo Morales is facing legal challenges. A judge called for his arrest for alleged relationship with a teenage girl while president. Evo Morales was the first indigenous president of Bolivia. Seeking to run for office again, the courts are also trying to stop him. The timing of these cases appear to have a political motivation. Evo Morales is still a popular political figure in Bolivia. He was removed by a coup and the basis of removal was just an accusation of electoral fraud. The opposition did not provide evidence of Evo Morales doing anything criminal. Evo Morales is being targeted both by the coups and other nefarious actors. An assassination attempt was made on his life in 2024 . President Luis Arce  might be orchestrating a campaign of lawfare against Morales. Law enforcement so far has not enforced the warrant for his arrest. The changes of sex trafficking or sex with a minor would be difficult to prove in court. The victim did not bring the charges to the court, which makes the situation more suspicious. Political opponents are being criminalized. Evo Morales is determined to get the nomination as the MAS Party presidential candidate. The courts want to prevent him from getting a third term. Evo Morales had to go into exile in Argentina due to the political persecution. The outcome of the election is not certain. If Evo Morales can avoid being imprisoned by his political enemies, he has a chance to win the presidency.   

Ecuador and Guatemala's Involvement In Haiti

 

Haiti is facing occupation from other countries in South America. Guatemala and Ecuador are getting more involved in the Caribbean nation. The justification was that the mission is to stabilize Haiti has a number of armed groups and gangs. While crime has been a problem, this is an internal matter for Haitian law enforcement. Gangs or armed groups are not directing there violence at Guatemala or Ecuador. Haiti does not pose a security risk to any of these countries. UN missions and foreign occupations have never helped Haiti. Kenya's mission to Haiti has also generated controversy in Africa. The Haitian National Police seeking foreign assistance proves that it no longer has independence. The United States appears to be outsourcing imperial projects to proxies in Latin America. What appears to be gang violence could morph into resistance against foreign military occupation and interference. The violence began in 2021 and was a reaction to Prime Minister Jovenel Moise refusing to relinquish power. His assassination led to a series of puppet governments. The Monroe Doctrine never disappeared, but changed with the geopolitical shifts. Haitians are taking up arms against being occupied and foreign interference in domestic affairs, Ecuador and Guatemala could be attempting to partition Haiti. Guatemalan and Ecuadoran troops are not there for human rights. Gaining more influence in the Caribbean is the objective. Haiti is not the same as Colombia in terms of violence. Foreign countries should not get involved in the policing Haiti. The advisors sent are going to have more of a command role and limited mechanisms exist to stop violence directed at the public by Central American soldiers.    

Colombia Has Prohibited Child Marriage

 

Child marriage has been outlawed in Colombia. After 17 years of advocacy groups working to make this possible, the bill was passed. Marriage is now prohibited for anyone under the age of 18. Certain countries still allow child marriage. This puts girls at risk for violence and sexual exploitation. The practice harms girls advancement in education and prevents economic opportunities in adulthood. Colombia is estimated to have about 4.5 million girls married before the age of 18 according to Unicef data. Child marriage remained more prevalent in rural communities. The economic strain that certain families face make then marry off their daughters to someone more wealthy. The reason child marriage effects girls more than boys is due to a culture of machista. The culture of male dominance does not allow girls and women much personal freedom. The challenge now is chaining attitudes about women and girls roles in society. Ensuring the law will be recognized will be difficult for law enforcement. The connection between poverty and child marriage has been noted. Social welfare programs, expansion of employment, and more public education can contribute to the fight against child marriage. Colombia had to act seeing as child marriage was becoming a public health concern. Child brides, just like adults can be subject to domestic violence. Getting pregnant too young can increase risk of death during childbirth. Colombia is the latest South American country to ban child marriage. Only 12 countries have a ban on child marriage in Latin America. Colombia could inspire activists in other countries to get legislation passed to protect girls from  child marriage. 

The Challenges Facing President Xiomara Castro

 

Honduras is still recovering from the coup that occurred in 2009. President Xiomara Castro faces both domestic and external challenges. The end of the extradition treaty with the United States signals a major shift. Honduras is asserting its national sovereignty and independence. Latin American nations that are politically left no longer want to align themselves with the United States. The internal affairs of Honduras show that there is internal opposition that does not want change. A video was made pubic which showed her brother-in-law allegedly asking for campaign donations from a drug trafficker. The video is at least a decade old. It was not President Xiomara Castro asking for donations or seeking help from criminal elements. Charges have not been made and no trial has taken place. This has not stopped some who want to see her resign. The National  Anti-Corruption Council appears to be pushing for the president's removal. The National  Anti-Corruption Council has not provided evidence of criminal activity. Without evidence or an investigation the claims are nothing more than accusations. The sudden accusations many suspect are politically motivated. Carlos Zelaya might be guilty of aiding gangs, but nothing in the video suggest President Xiomara ordered the transaction. Speculation also arises that there is a plot  from the United States to have President Xiomara Castro removed. President Xiomara Castro faces internal threats from gangs and the right-wing. The United States is the biggest external threat, seeing as Honduras wants to assert itself in South America.      

President Alberto Fujimori Accuses Generals of Assassination Plot (1992)

 

Former President Alberto Fujimori passed away from cancer and  Peru remains divided about his legacy. Despite trials, questions remain about the extent of the criminal activity of his administration. Alberto Fujimori in 1992 accused some of his generals of an assassination plot. Doubts remain if these generals were actually attempting coup or assassination. Around April of 1992 Alberto Fujimori launched the self-coup. President Fujimori dissolved the Congress and the judiciary and the military assisted. It makes no sense that a military would help enact authoritarianism with a person they allegedly wanted to assassinate. During the self-coup a new Peruvian  Constitution was created. The reason for Peru's struggles were related to economic instability and the fight against the Shining Path. The accusation of an assassination plot was made in November around the time elections were restored. The image of a few rogue generals trying to depose the government scare people to vote. President Alberto Fujimori won reelection in 1995, but that would not have been possible with out the change to the Peruvian Constitution in 1993. The change allowed him to run for another term. President Alberto Fujimori never provided evidence of the assassination plot. Imposing authoritarianism was justified by the administration as protecting Peru's national security. What was happening was the government abusing power.   

Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro Gets 51% of The Vote

 

The National Electoral Council stated that President Nicolas Maduro won 51 % of the vote. The NEC also revealed that Edmundo Gonzalez got 44%. The opposition has made the claim of electoral fraud, but has not produced evidence. The Maduro administration has faced external inference and internal discord. Much of the internal dispute comes from right-wing political factions. President Nicolas Maduro's administration has presided over a struggling economy. The reason is sanctions imposed by other countries. Venezuela has some of the largest oil reserves in the world. This makes the country a target of larger powers. Nicolas Maduro wants to continue the revolutionary Bolivarianism of Hugo Chavez. The challenge is he lacks the charisma and skill of the former president. What works in his favor is survival. President Maduro has been able to avoid being victim of regime change or internal intrigue. The administration has been in power 11 years. The reason Venezuela survives is because it allies itself with other leftist governments. Nicaragua and Cuba are two countries that are essential to Venezuela's regional diplomatic ties. Brazil and Colombia are also going to become more important to Venezuela overtime. The best chance of fighting sanctions is expanding connections with African and Asian nations. Turbulence in the Middle East could elevate the importance Venezuelan oil. The US might have to normalize relations and lift sanctions to get access to it. President Nicolas Maduro still has to navigate regional hostility, threats from the EU, and right-wing plots.      

Crisis In Bolivia

 

Bolivia almost had another coup. Compounded by economic challenges it has not maintained stability. This has been the case since 2019. The overthrow of Evo Morales left Bolivia subject to a far-right turn in politics. Although the attempted coup was thwarted, questions remain. These events are going to have an impact on the 2025 presidential election. The coup attempted has been traced to general Juan Jose Zuniga. Others have accused President Luis Arce of trying to do a self coup. This is not new to South America. President Alberto Fujimori of Peru did this in 1992.  So far, there is no evidence to prove this claim. The biggest concern is the growing split in the Movement for Socialism. Evo Morales wants to run for office once more, but the Constitutional Court is barring him. The motivation is a political one. The changes made under former president Jeanine Anez remain in place. The election of Luis Arce was a sign of a return to normalcy. Inflation and other economic concerns are the center of attention. The average Bolivian is being harmed by slow economic growth. Arce only presented the illusion of a return to a stable nation. Bolivia is experiencing a shortage of US dollars, a decrease in foreign reserves, and a fiscal  deficit. One reason general Zuniga attempted a coup was that he accused the government of impoverishing Bolivia. President Luis Arce was an economist and was appointed economic minister in 2006 by Evo Morales. The assumption was that he would be able to solve Bolivia economic hardship. Bolivia is rich in natural resources and should be able to generate more business. Slow economic growth contributes to coups and political factionalism in MAS. If these concerns are not address Bolivia could lapse into greater instability.  

Claudia Sheinbaum Elected President of Mexico

 

Mexico has elected Claudia Sheinbaum as their next president. This is the first time in Mexico's history that they have elected a woman as head of state. While some celebrate the electoral victory, there are some harsh political realities. The border crisis is an ongoing challenge. Migrants and refugees cross in to Mexico from Central American countries. Mexico has a number of its citizens who leave the country. Crime and the violence of drug cartels are the biggest push factors. The high rates of femicide make Mexico unsafe for women.  Economic concerns are another. Mexico must do all that it can to stop migration and citizens from relocating. The reason Claudia Sheinbaum was able to get 60% of the vote was due to specific policies. The Morena Party puts emphasis on social welfare programs. This has helped a portion of the Mexican population get out of poverty. If Claudia Sheinbaum wants to have a successful administration this policy must continue. Sheinbaum has been involved in politics since the year 2000. She is not a new political figure, but offers the possibility of effective change. This is limited, because a Mexican president can only serve one term of six years. The Mexican Constitution imposed sexenio. The reason for this was to prevent presidents from becoming authoritarian. Claudia Sheinbaum cannot run for reelection in six years. A head of state cannot not make vast progress in a short period of time. Being a leftist, it is curious to see what her policies will be regarding Venezuela, Nicaragua, Colombia, Honduras,  and Cuba. The assumption Mexico will have enhanced diplomatic  relations with these countries. This complicated by the fact Mexico is an ally of the United States, a country seeking regime change in South American countries. President Claudia Sheinbaum will have to navigate the regional politics of Central and North America.  

Former Honduran President Juan Orlando Hernandez's Criminal Conviction

 

Juan Orlando Hernandez has been convicted in a New York criminal drug trafficking trial. Hernandez is not the first Latin American leader to be subject to a US court. Manuel Noriega the military dictator of Panama  was deposed by the United States and imprisoned. Hernandez's circumstances follow a similar pattern. The former president faces up to 40 years in prison. The contradiction is that Juan Orlando Hernandez was considered an ally of the US in their war on drugs. The new York trial only exposes that the United States uses the excuse of gang violence and the war on drugs to control Central America. The US will never go after those who are connected to drug trafficking in the region. The CIA has profited directly from its involvement in the illegal drug trade. The trial demonstrates a violation of Honduras' national sovereignty. If Juan Orlando Hernandez committed most of his crimes in Honduras that is where he should face justice. Since the US backed coup in 2009, Honduras has been unstable. The blowback in the 2020s was a wave of migration from Central America. President Juan Orlando Hernandez also allowed the extradition of drug traffickers. Drug trafficking was not President Hernandez's only offense. He violated the constitution by running for reelection. Accusations of electoral fraud were made, but the United States recognized the government. When his second term was complete, he was arrested in 2022. Once extradited to the United States, the trial got delayed. Juan Orlando Hernandez became a scapegoat for America's failing Central America policy. President Juan Orlando Hernandez's error was that he thought that the US would protect him. Imprisoning South America leaders is not going to stop migration or end the power of drug cartels. Further destabilization only caused more discontent among the Central America population. President Juan Orlando Hernandez was only supported by the United States as a counter to Nicaraguan President Daniel Ortega. When he was no longer useful the support dissipated. The trial got little press coverage in the US, because it connects the American government to a corrupt regime.      

Ecuador's Drug Gang War

 

Drug gangs are becoming more powerful in Latin America. The biggest gang Los Choneros has been responsible for car bombings, assassinations, and kidnappings. Much of the spike in violence comes from the shift in drug consumption and the reach of  other cartels from other countries. Peru and Columbia are the largest cocaine producers, but Ecuador was an area of drug transit. When FARC in Columbia demobilized a power void was created. Europe also wanted more drugs from the area. Smugglers saw a business opportunity in drug transit. Mexican and Venezuelan gangs began infiltration in the 2010s. Another powerful drug gang emerged known as Los Lobos. Both Los Choneros and Los Lobos are enemies. The two gangs have a hatred for government. The police are not able to fight all the factions. This is why the military is being deployed in certain regions. The war on drugs in Ecuador has become actual combat. The government has now declared that criminal gangs are terrorist organizations. What this means is the military will takeover more law enforcement duties. The concern becomes an increase in civilian death during anti-criminal gang operations. The military taking on a law enforcement role could open the path to authoritarianism. President Daniel Noboa's solution is to militarize law enforcement and build more prisons. The state of emergency that was declared is a potential threat to the civil liberties of the Ecuadorian citizen. El Salvador is also facing similar challenges. The result is more migration to from South America to North America. Ecuadorians at some point might have to flee the country due to internal armed conflict.    

Javier Milei's Economic Plans For Argentina

 

Javier Milei has been elected president of Argentina. What distinguishes him from other politicians is his right-libertarianism. The ideology does share ideas with other conservative political movements. The emphasis on free markets and capitalism are positions of common thought. Limited regulation and the emphasis on laissez-faire are what both ideologies desire. Milei's agenda is to end Argentina's central bank and put the country through a process of dollarization. Central banking as been a concern, but if a leader is serious about challenging that system it would invest in cryptocurrency. The dollar is losing its power as countries in BRICS want to move away from it. A rational policy would be to trade natural resources in Argentine pesos. Supply side economics will not generate prosperity in Argentina. The Austrian school of economics has a limited scope in a rapidly changing world. Javier Milei also expressed that he does not want Argentina to have economic relations with communist or socialist countries. North Korea, China, Venezuela, and Cuba were the countries he mentioned. Although Javier Milei is an economist, none of the anarcho-capitalist concepts can work. The nature of employment, trade, and  global economic centers are undergoing a revolution. Neoliberal capitalism might implode implode upon itself if government did not intervene. At some point no amount of reforms and regulations can fix a system that is corrupt by its function. Argentina will become a testing ground for the limits of right-libertarianism and the neoliberal capitalist system. 

Ancient Engravings Found In Brazil

 

The Amazon  has struggled with a drought. What the lack of water exposed were ancient rock  engravings. Brazil's history goes back far. South America also has a history of ancient civilizations just like  Rome or Egypt. The engravings of  human faces are thought to be from 2,000 years ago. Jaime Oliveira an archeologist of the Brazilian  Institute of Historical Heritage stated this is a significant discovery. The area they were found was Praia das Lajes in the Negro River. The discovery highlights the need to do more study of the ancient  Brazil. The human faces have various expressions and it makes observers wonder what the purpose of the rock engravings  were. The engravings could be a mere decoration or be part of some form of cultural representation. The art might have been part of a religious ritual. The indigenous peoples of Brazil's history is not completed documented. When the Portuguese made contact in 1500, the Amerindian  population was under threat. Much of their history was preserved through oral traditions, but colonizers never respected it. Brazil has a total of 305 Amerindian ethnic groups. Each has a unique history. The newly discovered engravings should be used as a means of generating interest in the history of indigenous peoples. Brazil's history contains an element of mystery and wonder. The people who made the art remains unanswered. There is no evidence which of the 305 ethnic groups made the rock engravings.   

A Major Goal of The New Development Bank

 

The New Development Bank has outlined major objectives in the coming years. The focus will be on Africa. The NDB founded by BRICS wants to see changes in the global economy. The New Development Bank will finance infrastructure and digital projects. Investments will also be made in education. Such a policy makes sense considering the jobs of the future will require more skills and knowledge. A fourth industrial revolution is coming and the Global South should not be left behind. The African continent has large amounts of natural resources. This means it is a significant force in the world market. NDB President Dilma Rousseff  noted that direct foreign investment in Africa went from 4.9% in 2010 to 8.8 % in 2021. Rousseff described African nations as  quality partners. The challenges that remain are related to expanding payment mechanisms Rousseff added. Cooperation, stability of the continent, and banking procedures remain persistent obstacles. Economic growth is not slowing down in Africa. The result of this is that the New Development Bank's importance will be elevated. 

Protests Against Peruvian President Dina Boluarte

 

Peruvians are showing their frustration with the current administration. Demonstrations have spread across the country. Most of the protesters are either associated with leftist groups and labor unions. The discord is being generated from the ineffective leadership of President Dina Boluarte. The accusation is that her government has become more authoritarian. Legal question remain about the removal of former president Pedro Castillo. Evidence suggest that attempts were made to depose his government by right-wing factions. He could not bring stability and the biggest error was dissolving the congress. Dina Boluarte was not elected. One of the demands of protesters is that she either resigns or new elections to be held. The biggest motivation for public discord is growing poverty and wealth gaps. Peru is a major copper producing nation, but only a few people of benefited from this natural resource. Being a large metal producing country, more Peruvians should see an increase in their income. Rage has grown so much that the demands for a new constitution and the congress to be dissolved are being proposed by activists. Peru's government in response has deployed an estimated 24,000 police officers. President Dina Boluarte is developing a network  of repression to remain in power. If elections were held in the next few months, most Peruvians would not vote for her. Peru since 2017 has developed into an illiberal democracy. A former Free Peru Party member has now become a more conservative president. Dina Boluarte's power comes from the congress, police, and military. All those institutions are being weaponized against the population. Either a coup or uprising will end her presidency if elections do not take place. The only means of defense  the Peruvian public  has are demonstrations and suffrage.     

Mexico Recognizes Palestine

 

Mexico is recognizing Palestine. Plans are being made to establish an embassy in Mexico City. Getting more recognition from other countries could help the challenges facing the Palestinians in Israel. The bombings of the Gaza Strip , refugees, and racism have made conditions for the Arab population unsuitable. The continued occupation in the West Bank represents an expansionist policy. Mexico's recognition could be a diplomatic shift in Latin America. The Mexican Senate passed the resolution for recognition in 2021, but it appears plans are moving forward to make it official. The reason Mexico has sympathy for the Palestinian state is due to history. Mexico lost land in the Mexican War (1846-1848) and people were displaced from that conflict. The imperial legacy of the Monroe Doctrine still haunts Latin America. President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador is taking a different approach to foreign policy. The direction is more oriented to the Global South. The right-wing governments of  South America tend to favor Israel at the expense of the Arabs. Guatemala was fast to recognize Jerusalem as Israel's capital. When left-wing governments were in power, they were allies to Palestine's aspirations. Between the years of 2010 and 2011 Brazil, Argentina, Chile Bolivia, Ecuador, Costa Rica, Cuba, including  Nicaragua recognized a Palestinian state. Israel will attempt to counter these developments, but Mexico could be part of a growing pro-Palestine  block. Much of the situation depends on what government is in power in Mexico.     

Argentina's Economic Crisis

 

Argentina faces economic hardship. The country appears to be seeing a form of hyperinflation. The Argentine peso is losing value. This explains why some might exchange their pesos for US dollars instead. The government has in response limited the number of dollars citizens can by at the current exchange rate. Politicians pretend that the recent development was some random act, but there ahs been a pattern of economic instability. The 2001 crisis proved that it was a combination of institutional failures, deposit freeze, and a default on public debt trigged economic turmoil. IMF policies have not secured the economy of Argentina. Just like in 2001, the new economic downturn will generate more poverty. People who were financially secure will see themselves impoverished. Many were not able to recover their deposits from the 2001 crisis. The Argentine public has grown even more suspicious of the banking system and government. The fear of the devaluation of the peso is present. There is also an indication that Argentina lacks hard currency and is not taking in more money. The crisis has made it more difficult for business to operate. Without specific costs known, running an establishment is not possible. Inflation will harm or eradicate small business, before bigger corporations. Argentina plans to accept an IMF $ 3.9 billion deal. IMF agreements have never solved Argentina's economic concerns and the new deal has limited chance of success. The economic crisis has gotten so severe that President Alberto Fernandez will not seek another term. Argentina's crisis is a warning to the global economy and the fragile nature of the banking system.       

Brazil and Argentina Are Creating A Common Currency

 

Brazil and Argentina are developing a new common currency. These preparations could mean a major economic transformation is happening in Latin America. The major objective is to increase  regional trade. It has been speculated that Brazil  would one day become an important economic power. Being a member of BRICS demonstrates a rise to international standing. The major obstacle to this was objection from Brazil's central bank. The intention also could be to extend the use of the new currency to other South American nations. The name that has been proposed is the sur. The situation  is different from 2019. South American countries are seeking economic stability in  a world torn by geopolitical confrontation. Two leftist governments are in power, which makes collaboration easier. President Alberto Fernandez would be classified  centre-left and Peronist. The election of President Lula Da Silva in Brazil makes bilateral economic ties more attainable. Argentina needs new solutions to deal with national debt and the damage caused by past recessions. Seeking aid from other Latin American countries would be a better solution. The International Monetary Fund has not been helpful in getting the South American country on a path to economic recovery. IMF programs have been active since 1991 and did little to reduce the economic crisis in 2001. Argentina continues debt negotiation to reduce suffering on the general public. The new currency must be backed by a commodity of value. Only then will  Latin America gain economic independence. Brazil and Argentina must prove to other nations of South America that the new currency is an important financial investment.  

President Pedro Castillo Has Been Removed From Office

 

Peru is facing a constitutional crisis. When President Pedro Castillo attempted to dissolve the Congress, more discord emerged . The move was a way to avoid impeachment proceedings. His arrest does pose an issue. If impeachment proceedings never occurred and a formal removal from office never took place this could violate the constitution. President Pedro Castillo has been accused of inciting rebellion and constitutional violations. A trial has not been scheduled nor is there evidence at the moment of corruption. Dina Bolurate has been selected to finish up Castillo's term. That means she will be president until 2026. Peru's situation parallels Bolivia's political crisis. A left-wing president being deposed by right-wing opposition has become too common in Latin America. Leftist governments even though they are legitimately elected, they  are not allowed to rule. Peaceful and orderly transfers of power are disappearing. South America might be reverting to how it was in the 19th century. Extreme political factionalism,  erratic transfers of power, and authoritarian like political structures. According to reports, Castillo appeared to be making an attempt to leave the country. This indicates possible political persecution. Much of the discontent comes from an increase in fuel and fertilizer prices. This caused Peruvians to hold demonstrations. Farmers and lorry drivers were the most effected by the price rise. Imposing a curfew and a state of emergency reduced support for the Castillo presidency.